Day 1 :
Keynote Forum
Gerald C. Hsu
eclaireMD Foundation, USA
Keynote: Using Math-Physics Medicine to Analyze Metabolism and Improve Health Conditions
Time : 09:30-10:20
Biography:
The author received an honorable PhD in mathematics and majored in engineering at MIT. He attended different universities over 17 years and studied seven academic disciplines. He has spent 20,000 hours in T2D research. First, he studied six metabolic diseases and food nutrition during 2010-2013, then conducted research during 2014-2018. His approach is “math-physics and quantitative medicine” based on mathematics, physics, engineering modeling, signal processing, computer science, big data analytics, statistics, machine learning, and AI. His main focus is on preventive medicine using prediction tools. He believes that the better the prediction, the more control you have.
Abstract:
The author spent seven years and 18,000 hours to study, analyze and research his chronic disease conditions.
Here is the comparison between 2010 and 2017:
Weight: 205 / 172 lbs.
Waistline: 44 / 34 inches
PPG: 350 / 116 mg/dL
FPG: 185 / 119 mg/dL
Daily glucose: 280 / 117 mg/dL
A1C: 10.0 / 6.1 %
ACR: 116 / 12 mg/mmol
Triglycerides: 1161 / 69 mg/dL
He used mathematics, physics, engineering modeling, and computer science (big data analytics and AI) to derive the mathematical metabolism model and three prediction tools for weight, FPG, and PPG with >30 input elements. This study includes 11 categories: weight, glucose, blood pressure, lipids, food, water, exercise, sleep, stress, life pattern regularity, time, with ~500 input and output elements. He collected more than 1 million “clean” data over 7 years.
He defined two new terms known as the Metabolism Index (MI) and General Health Status Unit (GHSU). The “health state” is expressed as the “break-even” line which is 73.5%; above this percentage is regarded “unhealthy” and below the break-even line is “healthy”. The results showed that he was very unhealthy (80%-110%) before 2013. The curve went through a sharp decline in 2014 due to his research. After 2015, he was “healthy” (60%-70%). As of 12/21/2017, his MI is 55.3% and GHSU is 56.1%. All of his previous lab test results confirmed with the diagram showing his chronic disease conditions are well under control.
Keynote Forum
Hidekatsu Yanai
National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Japan
Keynote: Effects of Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis (NEAT) on Metabolic Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Time : 10:20-11:10
Biography:
Hidekatsu Yanai, MD, PhD, Fellow of American College of Physicians (FACP), is the Director of the Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Research and Trial Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, Japan. He is also the Professor of Wayo Women’s University, Japan. He obtained his MD and PhD degrees in National Defense Medical College and Hokkaido University School of Medicine, respectively. He studied as Invited PhD Research Fellow in the National Institutes of Health (NIH), USA. He is the Editor-in-Chief of “Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” and also an Editorial Board Member of ten medical journals. He has 195 published English papers in refereed medical journals.
Abstract:
Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) is the energy expenditure due to physical activities (PA) besides sports-like exercise and resistance training. It includes various activities in daily life such as going to work, attending school, singing, dancing, washing clothes and cleaning floors. We developed the original questionnaire to evaluate NEAT in Japanese people, based on 2011 Compendium of Physical Activities produced by American College of Sports Medicine, by considering Japanese life-style and culture. The questionnaire consisted of 11 question items about locomotive activities and 25 question items about non-locomotive activities. We evaluated each questionnaire item with a score of 1 to 3 points in order of levels of daily PA and then added up the scores to determine the NEAT score.
In our previous study using 45 subjects (22 women and 23 men) with type 2 diabetes who did not take any hypoglycemic, anti-hypertensive, or cholesterol-lowering agents, the NEAT score was negatively correlated with serum insulin levels (r = -0.42, P < 0.05). The NEAT score was also negatively correlated with waist circumference (r = -0.509, P < 0.05) and positively correlated with HDL-C levels (r = 0.494, P < 0.05) in women, and was negatively associated with serum insulin levels (r = -0.732, P < 0.005), systolic (r = -0.482, P < 0.05) and diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.538, P < 0.05) in patients with abdominal obesity. Our study demonstrated that NEAT is associated with amelioration in insulin sensitivity, waist circumference, HDL-C, blood pressure, in patients with type 2 diabetes.
We examined the validity of our NEAT questionnaire by comparing with objectively measured daily PA by using the triaxial accelerometer. The NEAT score was significantly and positively correlated with PA level (PAL) measured by the triaxial accelerometer (r = 0.604, P < 0.001). PAL was also significantly and positively correlated with both the locomotive NEAT score and the non-locomotive NEAT score (r = 0.444, P = 0.001 and r = 0.526, P < 0.001, respectively). The NEAT score measured by the self-reported questionnaire was highly correlated with PAL measured by the triaxial accelerometer.
In type 2 diabetic women, the NEAT score was significantly and negatively correlated with urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) (r = -0.513, P < 0.05) and positively correlated with coefficient of variation of R-R intervals (CVRR) (r = 0.471, P < 0.05). Our study suggested that NEAT is beneficially associated with markers for diabetic nephropathy and neuropathy in type 2 diabetic women.
In patients with type 2 diabetes, multiple regression analysis, adjusted for age, gender, height and weight, revealed that hand grip strength was positively associated with total NEAT scores and locomotive NEAT scores.
I summarized beneficial effects of NEAT on metabolic parameters in Table 1. An increase of NEAT enhances muscle strength, reduces visceral adiposity and blood pressure, and improves insulin resistance and serum lipids, and is associated with lower risk of diabetic complications.
Keynote Forum
Adil Omar Bahathiq
Associate professor of Reproductive Endocrinology Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Um-Alqura University
Keynote: The Hyperloop way to Metabolic Syndrome
Biography:
Adil O. Bahathiq had initial experience of the research tools with Professors Ian Cooke and William Ledger at University of Sheffield, U.K. He found newdata the Fallopian tube and epididymis for his Ph.D. Then he conducted a new line of research that helped and improved the healthof the community. He hasdeveloped this area after years of experience in research, evaluation, teaching and administration both in hospital and educational institutions. This research areawaschosen because of the lack of data relating to obesity and the metabolic syndrome in the children and adults of the Makkah community. The findings of this research have beenbeneficial to the authorities in the fields of education and health in Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
Childhood obesity has long-term health consequences, including strong tracking of obesity and related facilitator into adulthood associated with short- and long-term health consequences . This underscores the relevance for evaluation of the food systems and environment, opportunities to exercise, as well as continued efforts on Body mass index (BMI) surveillance, early detection and effective interventions of obesity and related health problems. A greater understanding of the relative importance of environmental and biological factors in the development and persistence of childhood obesity will help us in effectively minimise this epidemic problem. Obesity can lead to a variety of diseases such as hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and high glucose level. These diseases are called metabolic syndrome.
Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a group of metabolic risk factors which include abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, and insulin resistance or glucose intolerance. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among female school children and adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1356 female school children and adolescents between the age of 6 to 18 years. Body mass index, waist circumference, blood glucose level, lipid profile, and arterial blood pressure were determined. Criteria of ATP III were used to diagnose metabolic syndrome among participants. Among 1356 female school children and adolescents aged 6-18 years, 15.2% were overweight and 15.3% were obese. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 17.11% overall, 62.02% in obese and 50% in overweight participants. An enormous population of Saudi children and adolescents particularly females are potential to develop metabolic syndrome. We recommend a national obesity prevention program at community level to be implemented to promote leaner and consequently healthier community; Weight reduction program, lifestyle modification, and screening for risk factors of metabolic syndrome should be given rather special consideration.
- Endocrinology and Metabolic Syndrome | Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism | Hormones and Metabolic Syndrome | Oxidative Stress and Inflammation | Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders | Metabolic Responses and Nutrition
Location: Meeting Place 3
Session Introduction
Vivek Kamath
CEO of heal the world organization
Title: Diabetes Cure for Type1, Type 2 and Type 3 (LADA)Diabetes Cure for Type1, Type 2 and Type 3 (LADA)
Time : 12:30-12:50
Biography:
Vivek Kamath founder and CEO of heal the world organization is a Reiki Master, Mexican Healer, Melchizedek Healer, Crystal Healer and Past Life Regression Therapy Expert. He has healed many diabetic patients (Type1, Type2, Type 3/1.5/LADA) without any medicines. He has also healed blood pressure (both high and low blood pressure), heart disease (removed the heart blockages), removed kidney stones, ovarian cysts, fibrosis of the breast, fatty liver, lungs disease, cured sinusitis, sever joint pain, lumbar L5 spinal disk pain, Sciatica pain, neck pain, constipation, rheumatoid arthritis, glaucoma, migraines, headaches, insomnia, stomach related problem, IBS, diabetic gum problems, skin problems( dry skin, eczema) and chronic nasal allergies, nasal blockages without any medicines. He is currently healing 5 Cancer Patients. Some are recovering from Cancer. Some of the above treatments have been completed within a week to maximum 1 month duration. Vivek Kamath received a Certificate of Recognition during 25th Global Diabetes Summit and Expo held in Dubai during December1st week in 2017 for his “Key Note Speech on Diabetes Cure”.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: Diabetes Type1, Type 2 and Type 3 complications.
As most of us are aware Type 2 diabetes can be controlled and cured completely with the diet, workouts (yoga), effective stress management and other healing methods. However, Type 1 and Type 1.5/3/LADA diabetes healing or complete cure is a big challenge because of our body’s immune system issue.
With type 1/1.5 diabetes, the body’s immune system attacks part of its own pancreas. Scientists are not sure why. But our immune system mistakenly sees the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas as foreign, and destroys them. This attack is considered as "autoimmune" disease. These pancreatic cells – called “islets” are the ones that sense glucose in the blood and, in response, produce the necessary amount of insulin to normalize blood sugars.
How do we protect that these “Islets” and how can we ensure that these cells produce enough insulin hormones? Using Reiki Distant Healing and telepathy techniques I have reduced 2 patients glucose level. One was type1 case of a nine-year-old boy with high fasting glucose level (350 mg/dL) and a very high random glucose level (450 to 500 mg/dL) despite of taking high dosage insulin on daily basis for nearly 2 years it was not going down. With the reiki healing techniques, it has come down to normal level within a month or so. The same experiment repeated recently on another young gentleman 38 years old patient who was suffering from Type 1.5/3/LADA disease. His FB glucose level was around 350 to 400 mg/DL from the last 8 years despite of taking strong dose of insulin on daily basis; glucose level was not going down. Within a month after initialing Reiki healing treatment, his FB glucose level came down to 190 mg/DL. He is showing recovery from diabetes. The conclusion from our healing study are that these healing and cure works mainly on 1 ) Energy level of the healer 2) Belief in self for the patients 3) Belief in Reiki Channel and universal energy 4) Intention and thought process/brain wave frequency in alpha state matching between healer and patients. If all of these things are perfect, any disease can be healed. We have made an initial breakthrough in terms of reducing their glucose level. The above study has been followed on other healing such as Lumbar L5 Spine disk pain healing. It worked amazingly and patient has shown drastic improvement in their pain relief. 80% relief on pain has been felt. We are continuing with our research on this healing for various other chronic disease cure not only type1/3 diabetes. The recent healing on Type 2 Diabetes provides us information that even if the patient has any psychological problems, it could hamper the glucose level. A Type 2 Diabetic patient’s PPBS was not going down from 290 mg/dl although his Fasting blood glucose was showing normal. We were not able to find the reason behind it. When we did the detailed consulting with the patient he was suffering from Insomnia problem. We immediately healed his insomnia problem and within few days his PPBS level came down to 110 mg/dl from 290 mg/dl. Based on these findings, it is very clear now, doctors need to find the stress factor in patient. It could be anxiety, phobia, insomnia, greed, morbid jealousy, vengeance, insecurity, depression or any chronic psychological diseases.
Fatemeh Eghbali
Ferdowsi university, Iran
Title: Effect of combined training with and without pomegranate concentrate on HbA1c and C-peptide in middle-aged women
Time : 12:50-13:15
Biography:
Ms Eghbali has graduated in sport physiology, physical activity and health from Ferdowsi university of IRAN (M.Sc in 2016). She is interested in metabolic syndrome, pre-diabetes and frailty as well as her expertise is in education patients to improve their health goals with exercise and improving lifestyle. She has years of experience in working with patients suffering from metabolic syndrome, both in hospital and education institutions.
Abstract:
Statement of the Problem: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic disorders, such as dyslipidemia, raised blood pressure and fasting plasma glucose that can lead to diabetes type II and cardiovascular diseases. The strategy suggested for treating metabolic syndrome is to promote life style and health. Healthy lifestyle promotion and rich herb supplements with anthocyanin and polyphenol are recommended for treatment. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of 8 week of combined training exercise with and without pomegranate concentrate consumption on HBA1C and C-peptide in middle-aged women.
Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: In this quasi-experimental study, 24 physically inactive middle-aged¬ women suffering of metabolic syndrome participated purposively and voluntarily. The patients were randomly divided into groups of Combined exercise group (E=12) and combined exercise with pomegranate concentrate consumption group (EPC=12) who consumed pomegranate concentrate (50 gram per day for 8 weeks). The combined exercise ,aerobic and resistance, protocol were conducted with 60-80% intensity of Maximal Heart Rate (HR max), and 60-80% of One Repetition Maximal(1-RM). Participants’ HBA1c, C-peptide, anthropometry and metabolic syndrome indexes were measured once before 24-hour the first exercise session onset and a 48-hour after the last session. The data were analyzed with SPSS software. The Significance level was set at P ≤0.05.
Finding: T test results indicated a significant reduction in insulin and insulin resistance in EPC as compared to the E group. Moreover, according to the paired sample t test results, HbA1C level had a significant reduction in EPC (P≤0.05).
Conclusion & Significance: it seems that regular physical exercises along with consuming pomegranate concentrate can probably be effective through reducing HBA1c as the key index of controlling blood glucose. Through improving a number of metabolic syndrome indices such as insulin resistance it can help to prevent its resultant side effects in middle-aged women.
Lynn Ge-Zerbe
Boise Thyroid & Endocrinology PC Advanced Clinical Research, USA
Title: Genetics of metabolic disorder/obesity
Time : 14:00-14:20
Biography:
Lynn Ge-Zerbe is a recipient of the Leading Physician of the World and Pinnacle Professional of the Year 2017 award. She is board certified in Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, the Owner of Boise Thyroid & Endocrinology PC, a concierge endocrinology and weight loss practice, the Principle Investigator of Advanced Clinical Research, a Consultant Endocrinologist with RubiconMD and Video Medicine. She has earned her MD at PUMC, MPH of Epidemiology at University of Pittsburgh, Post-doctoral Fellowship in Molecular Medicine at NIH, Residency in Internal Medicine at Leigh Valley Hospital, Penn State University, Fellowship in Endocrinology at Vanderbilt University as well as Age Management Certification by AMMEF. She is passionate in combining east and west medicine to cure and prevent endocrinology disorders.
Abstract:
Worldwide 2.3 billion people are overweight caused by metabolic disorder and 1/3 of those considered obesity (WHO). More than 400 different genes have been implicated in the causes of obesity. Those genes contribute to obesity by affect appetite, satiety, metabolism, food craving, body-fat distribution and eating habit acclimate with stress etc. One of greatest example is FTO (the fat mass and obesity - associated protein) on chromosome 16q12.2 which was discovered by genome wide association study (GWAS). It's variations in intron 1 and 2 have been related to the risk of obesity and its complications. Studies suggest that FTO plays a role in controlling feeding behavior and energy expenditure.
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) has become a very successful treatment option for sever obesity, but not all patients lose the same amount of weight or obtain the same clinical benefits from the surgery. Studies have suggested that genetic factors explain up to 70% of the variability in weight loss after RYGB. Also, obesity was found to be associated with altered expression of a subset of genes enriched in metabolic process and mitochondrial function. After weight loss with RYGB, DNA methylation of those genes in skeletal muscle from obese patients was normalized (restored) to normal weight health controls level.
We hope that identifying the genetic factors underlying the heritable risk of obesity can contribute to our basic knowledge of the biology of energy balance, highlight molecular pathway that can be targeted for therapeutic intervention.
Omer Engin
Buca Seyfi Demirsoy State Hospital, Surgery Department, Turkey
Title: Advices to operation techniques for recurrent goitre operation
Time : 14:20-14:40
Biography:
Omer Engin is a general surgeon. He served as an scientific committee member in a lot of international conferences and as an editor a lot of international medical journals and books. His cited number is 120 and H index is 6.
Abstract:
Thyroid surgery has a lot of complications. Some of them are transient but some complications are permanent and sometime they start another complication so they are become first ring of the chain. These complications may become more than in recurrent thyroid operation. Some techniques have been developed for decreasing of these complications.
Intraoperative Nerve monitoring technique is very useful for prevent nerve injury. This technique is an EMG (electromyography) . Impulse is given to the nerve in the thyroidectomy operation area and EMG checks out in the tracheal receptor.
Another technique is methylene blue spraying method. Thyroid gland and parathyroid gland is dyed so the nerve can be seen in the operation area.
In the added to all of the technique, it should not be forgotten that carefully done operation is the most important thing. Thin tissue dissection is most important due to us. If thick tissue dissection is done in the operation, the recurrent nerve can not be seen in the thick tissue but the nerve can be seen easily in the thin dissected tissue
Cristina Bellarosa
Italian Liver Foundation
Title: Effect of Mild Hyperbilirubinemia on two in vitro models of Metabolic Syndrome
Biography:
Cristina Bellarosa, PhD is a senior scientist at Italian Liver Foundation, Trieste, Italy. She works in the field of Bilirubin since 2003 under the supervision of Prof. Claudio Tiribelli, MD. Bilirubin is one of the main research area of Italian Liver Foundation. Every two years the Foundation organize an international meeting that put together all the experts working in the field worldwide. Her scientific research activity was mainly focused on studying the molecular mechanisms of bilirubin neurotoxicity in in vitro models, with a particular focus on bilirubin cell signaling. Recently she moved to study the bilirubin protective role. She works as scientific lab tutor of PhD students, ungraduate students and fellows.
Abstract:
Background: Mildly elevated serum unconjugated bilirubin has beneficial effects on oxidative stress-mediated diseases. UGT1A1 variants in Gilbert Syndrome resulting in hyperbilirubinemia may confer a strong genetic advantage. Life-long genetically elevated bilirubin level are protective against the development of type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and the progression of nephropathy in T2D. The prevalence of hypertension was up to 25% lower in patients with bilirubin >1mg/dL, as serum levels of cholesterol and triacylglycerol. Serum bilirubin is negatively related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to incidence of metabolic syndrome. The protection provided by increased level of bilirubin appears to be largely due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Strategies to boost the bioavailability of bilirubin or to mimic Gilbert syndrome may prove to be an attractive intervention in cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome.
Aim: To study the protective role of mild hyperbilirubinemia on oxidative stress, inflammation and ER-stress in two in vitro models of metabolic syndrome.
Methods: Heart endothelial murine H5V cells were treated with palmitic acid (PA) and kidney tubular epithelial HK-2 cells were treated with Advanced Glycated End Products (AGE-BSA). Target genes mRNA expression, cell viability and intracellular ROS was assessed in the presence of bilirubin pretreatment or posttreatment.
Results: 24h of PA treatment on H5V cells causes cell necrosis and mRNA induction of HO-1, IL-6, GRP78 and CHOP; treatment of 72 h induces E-Selectin, V-CAM, ICAM and iNOS. UCB pre-treatment reverts cell necrosis, reduces CHOP, IL-6 and iNOS expression and increases HO-1. Treatment of HK-2 cells with AGE-BSA for 72h resulted in significative variation of IL-8, HIF1a, HO-1, GPX and Catalase mRNA expression and increases intracellular ROS. UCB pre-treatment reverses the HO1 and GPX mRNA reduction, reduces IL-8 and HIF1a mRNA induction and ROS intracellular levels. Conclusion: Bilirubin pretreatment modulates cell viability, ROS production and mRNA gene expression in the systems studied.
Gamal Moustafa
Alexandria University, Egypt
Title: Combined Treatment of HFD-induced Diabetes Mellitus by Metformin and Natural Products in Rats
Biography:
Gamal Moustafa has finished the bsc of biochemistry science, 2005. Alexandria University Egypt. Diplome of analytical biochemistry since 2012. Master degree for treatment diabetes by combination therapy till now at 2017.
Abstract:
Background: Am widely distributed over the coastal Mediterranean region. It is traditionally used in the treatment of diabetes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic and antidiabetic activity of ethyl acetate extract of AM and also study the effect of combined treatment of the extract and metformin on diabetic rats. Metformin is an oral biguanide anti hyperglycemic agent that is currently the first line therapeutic intervention in management of type 2 diabetes.
Methods: Ethyl acetate extract taken from AM tubers was used for the study. Diabetic and lipid profile, kidney and liver functions, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory parameters were performed on the experimental animals. Diabetes was induced in rat by HFD feed for 10 weeks. Rats were divided into 5 groups; control, diabetic control, treated diabetic rats I (extract 10 mg/kg+ MET 100 mg/kg), treated diabetic rats II (extract 20 mg/kg+ MET 100 mg/kg), metformin treated diabetic rats (MET 100 mg/kg). Bodyweight of each rat in the different groups was recorded daily. Biochemical and antioxidant enzyme parameters were determined on day 16.
Results: AM (combined treatment I or II?)showed better glucose utilization and insulin resistance improvement. Orally treatment of different doses of the plant extract alone and/or with metformin decreased the level of serum glucose, activity of liver alpha glucosidase, activity of pancreatic alpha amylase, MDA, CRP and leptin. Treatment showed increased level of plasma insulin, Catalase, glutathione peroxidase, liver GSH, total antioxidant capacity. Diabetic rats treated with different doses of the extract and metformin combination significantly increased muscle glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), and remarked regenerative effect on the liver, kidney and pancreas.
Conclusion: The antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic and antidiabetic effect of ethyl acetate extract of AM and with metformin combination suggests a potential therapeutic treatment to diabetic conditions.
Keywords: Antidiabetic, Antihyperlipidemic, metformin, malondialdehyde, glucose transporter 4.
Yasser M. Hafez
Tanta University, Egypt
Title: NLRP3 inflammasome expression and urinary HSP72 in relation to biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy patients
Biography:
Yasser M.Hafez has completed his PhD at the age of 35 years from school of medicine, Tanta University. He is a lecturer of internal medicine, Diabetes and Endocrinology unit. He has published this paper in reputed journal.
Abstract:
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major causes of end-stage renal disease. Nod-like receptors nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat pyrin-3 domain (NLRP3) inflammasome displays a considerable role in the chronic inflammatory state observed in diabetic patients. Urinary heat shock protein 72 (uHSP72) is a sensitive and specific biomarker for the early detection the acute kidney injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate NLRP3 relative gene expression, its correlation with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, and to assess the value of uHSP72 in the early detection of DN in type 2 diabetic patients with different degrees of DN. Forty-five type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in this study: 15 normoalbuminuric; 15 microalbuminuric; 15 macroalbuminuric patients in addition to 15 healthy controls. Clinical examination and routine laboratory investigations were done. NLRP3 mRNA expression was assessed by real time PCR. Serum 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), IL-1β and uHSP72 levels were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum chitotriosidase (CHIT1) activity was examined. Significant higher NLRP3 mRNA expression, serum 8-OHdG, IL-1β and uHSP72 levels, in addition to CHIT 1 activity were documented in the macroalbuminuric patient group as compared to the other two diabetic and control groups. They were significantly positively correlated and to urinary albumin/creatinine ratio, serum creatinine and HA1c. Multiple linear regression analysis using UACR as dependent variable, confirmed that uHSP72, and relative NLRP3 mRNA expression were the independent predictors of DN (β were 0.432 and 0.448 respectively, P<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analyses revealed that both NLRP3 mRNA expression and uHSP72 levels were useful biomarkers discriminating DN patients from T2DM patients (AUC were 0.957 and 0.983 respectively) Conclusion: uHSP72 may be considered as a novel potential diagnostic biomarker for the early detection of DN. Moreover, these data support the pivotal role of NLRP3 in the development and progression of DN.
Diana Alvarado
Universidad del Valle de México, Mexico
Title: Oxidative stress and DNA damage in obese people from San Luis PotosÃ, México: accessible biomarkers to predict future disease
Biography:
Diana Alvarado has got her first Researcher Professor position in Universidad del Valle de México a year ago and became part of the Researchers National System. She has acquired experience on molecular biology and techniques to detect DNA damage, like Comet assay and Micronuclei assay, as well as the spectrophotometric techniques to detect oxidative stress. One of the reasons for which she chose as her research line obesity, is because Mexico is amongst the first world places of obesity and related diseases as obesity and metabolic syndrome. With this research line she has the purpose to show a practical, yet early way to diagnose, prevent and treat in a more specifical way, all of the comorbilities related to obesity, which have become at least in our country, the main causes for death. Passionated for her work, as a young researcher, she is looking for opportunities to establish collaboration networks with other researchers doing similar things which could be eventually translated into wellbeing for people with this disease.
Abstract:
According to the World Health Organisation, Mexico is amongst the countries with the highest prevalence of obesity and related comorbidities. Several attempts have been made in order to control this, the so called, epidemics of the century. It is imperative to design alternatives to prevent obesity-derived chronic conditions. One of the first signals of cellular impairment is oxidative stress, condition that could eventually trigger to vascular disease, immune response decreased, low repairment rate of tissues, etc. On the other hand, micronuclei has been considered as the vestibule for the development of chronical diseases, including cancer, for which we have considered of great interest to study it in association with obesity.
Statement of the Problem: Obesity has become a real problem of public health in most countries of the world, not being limited to those of high income but also to developing ones. The highest rates of obesity in adults and children are in United States of America, Mexico, New Zealand and Hungary, and it is estimated that 1 in 5 adults is obese, while 1 in 6 children are overweight or obese. Obesity is certainly the main problem, however, there is a series of comorbidities associated to obesity that make even more complicated the situation. Diseases like metabolic syndrome, diabetes, cardiovascular complications, renal failure are just some of the pathologies linked to obesity. It is of relevance the designment of strategies that allow us to deal from different perspectives with this issue. The aim of this work is, in a first phase is to detect a couple of early biomarkers (lipid ad protein peroxidation, measured as oxidative stress, and micronuclei) that could help us to associate with appearing of clinical disease during early stages; while in a second phase, to design a strategy of prevention of complications.
Methodology & Theoretical Orientation: An experimental, cross-sectional study has been designed in order to explore the levels of oxidative stress and DNA damage at different stages of the disease (obesity), trying to associate them with different factors, lifestyle, presence of other comorbidities, etc. Oxidative stress will be determined as lipid and protein peroxidation through spectrophotometric techniques, while DNA damage will be counted as micronuclei detection in oral mucose cells.
Expected findings: According to the etiology of the disease, considered as an inflammatory condition, we expected to find the highest levels in those patients with higher weight or with other pathologies, which could allow us to associate it with probable development of any other complication. It would be of usefulness to detect previously the point in which these complications could be prevented.
Conclusion & Significance: Obesity has become one of the most complicated issues in modern society. The high prevalence and incidence worldwide has made of this disease, a real public health problem. A multidisciplinary work will be definitely the path to follow, addressing this issue from different perspectives. Prevention is definitely one of the most important routes to follow, which is our main objective with this work. Mexico has one of the highest rates of obesity, and despite health sector has made enormous efforts to decrease them, it only seems to increase every year, augmenting at the same rhythm all of the complications attached to it. Designing a strategy, based on the observations at a cellular level, could allow us to prevent patients from undesirable complications, from which most of the time, they are not aware of.
We still can not conclude something clear, since our sample has not been completed yet, but we expect to end it up in the next few months.
Sarah Lim
Goulburn Valley Health, Victoria
Title: Relationship between serum zinc, glycaemic status and HOMA2 parameters in a regional Australian hospital population
Biography:
Sarah Lim is a junior doctor at Goulburn Valley Health, Victoria, Australia. She aspires to become a regional General Practitioner and has great interest in pursuing research in preventive medicine, especially Diabetes. This was her first research project, which she presented at an Annual Regional Research Fair 2017, in the presence of state-wide established researchers, stakeholders, senior clinical specialists and academics, and other non-clinical academics. An independent judge panel awarded her the Best Oral Presenter from all other established and experienced oral presenters. Sarah yearns to present this very interesting findings internationally to promote this topic and contribute to diabetes prevention globally.
Abstract:
Background: Previous studies demonstrated lower serum zinc among prediabetics and diabetics, compared to normoglycaemics. There is no current epidemiological data available in regional Australia examining the association between serum zinc and glycaemic status. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between serum zinc, glycaemic status and Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-2) parameters in a regional Australian hospital population.
Methods: A retrospective review was conducted among all adult patients who presented to a regional Australian hospital between June 2004 and April 2017. Patients were included if they had either fasting blood glucose (FBG) and serum zinc; or FBG, serum zinc and fasting insulin done. Serum zinc, FBG, fasting insulin, lipid profile, vitamin D and other demographic information were collected. Beta-cell function, insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity were calculated using the HOMA-2 calculator. All data were analysed using Stata 11.
Results: A total of 313 patients’ record was retrieved. According to American Diabetic Association classification, 74.8% (234) were normoglycaemics, 18.8% (59) prediabetics and 6.4% (20) diabetics. Data for 84 patients were available to calculate HOMA-2 parameters. Mean serum zinc was found to be lower in prediabetics than normoglycaemics (14.68 ± 3.05 Vs 14.96 ± 4.01 uMol/L). In simple linear regression among all participants, higher serum zinc was associated with an increased insulin sensitivity (coefficient 2.67, 95% CI: -1.3 and 6.7), decreased insulin resistance (coefficient -0.03, 95% CI: -0.12 and 0.57) and decreased beta-cell function (coefficient -3.2, 95% CI: -6.2 and -0.2).
Conclusion: Consistent with the current literature, we observed lower serum zinc in prediabetics than normoglycaemics. Higher zinc levels are associated with greater insulin sensitivity and lower insulin resistance. Low serum zinc may have a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Further evaluations are warranted regarding zinc supplementation in prediabetics to prevent or delay the progression to Type 2 Diabetes.